Smartphones are expensive — you wouldn't want to spend up to $1,000 or more and end up with a scratched screen. Many people still buy screen protectors to protect their purchase, but are they still necessary with modern display advancements? Having a big scratch on your phone is like having an itch in your brain you just can't reach. Plus, it lowers the resale value of the device when you want to upgrade. A screen protector can keep the surface pristine, but buying one is more complicated than it should be. It's also worth asking if modern phones even need one anymore. A screen protector is simply a sheet of clear plastic or very thin glass that you adhere to your smartphone's screen. The protector is cut to fit the exact shape of your device along with cutouts in the appropriate places - that's why you buy different screen protectors for different devices. The glass on your gadgets has gotten a lot more scratch-resistant since the days of the iPod. Corning's Gorilla Glass will not scratch if you rub it with your keys or loose change, which is a big step forward. Many materials can be used for a screen protector. Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) PET is a type of plastic usually found on things like water bottles and food containers. PET screen films provide the least amount of scratch- and impact-protection, but they're super cheap, light, and thin, and as a result are less visible once applied to your phone. They also have a decently smooth feel, unlike the more durable but rubbery TPU. PET is also a bit stiff, so it can't go edge-to-edge on phones with curved screens. If you want to go with PET, I recommend Tech Armor(Opens in a new window). And this kind of protector can be devided into many types with different aims and functions like PET Clear Film, PET Clear Anti Blue Light Film, PET Privacy Film and PET Anti Blue Light Privacy Film. Thermoplastic Polyreuthane (TPU) When you think of the screen protectors of old, you're probably thinking of TPU. TPU screen protector is a flexible plastic that's a huge hassle to install (it involves using a spray solution and squeegeeing out lots of bubbles), doesn't feel very smooth (thanks to its almost rubbery texture), and adds an "orange peel" type glare to your phone's screen. Still, it's flexible, so it can go edge-to-edge on any phone, it has better impact protection than PET, and it has limited "self-healing" powers for small scratches. On the other hand, it comes in a few different styles depending on the look, feel, and features you want, for example there are TPU clear screen protector, TPU matte screen protector and so on. However, not all styles are available for all phones, and some phones don't have TPU options at all. With different materials, you can make protectors like anti shock screen protector, clear anti shock screen protector, etc.

Properties of polycarbonate films Polycarbonate (PC) is an amorphous, crystal clear engineering thermoplastic which has many attractive mechanical and optical properties. For example, it has very high impact toughness and exceptional high light transmittance as well as good dimensional stability, creep resistance and elasticity over a wide temperature range. Because of its higher price relative to PVC, PE, and PP film, it is generally considered a specialty film. Films made from PC are of high optical clarity, have excellent puncture resistance, and are heat sealable, but have low scratch and solvent resistance and tend to yellow when exposed to UV light for a prolonged time. Thus for more demanding applications, PC products have to be coated with a scratch and UV resistant layer for protection. PC films allow for top-quality printing with standard inks using standard screen printing processes. Unlike many other thermoplastics, polycarbonate can undergo large plastic deformations without cracking or breaking. Thus, it can not only be thermoformed but also processed and formed at room or slightly elevated temperatures using standard forming equipment. Applications Because of its outstanding optical clarity, good performance properties, excellent printability, and ease of processing, films made of polycarbonate are chosen for a wide variety of applications. It is generally a good choice for high quality film products such as ID and security cards, graphic film products, reflective panels, LED/LCD display windows, and automotive dashboard and interior applications. PC film is also a good choice for high quality (thermoformed) packaging. For example, PC film is used for sterile medical packaging that requires FDA approval as well as high puncture, chemical, and UV resistance. Therefore PC films has been used for many situations like OMAY PC Film, Road Traffic PC Film, Optical Electronic PC Film, Electronic and Electrical PC Film and Other Industries PC Film. With PC materials, many products like meshes for filter are also invented. Filtration meshes and filter elements for process water filtration Industrial filter meshes and filters from GKD are used in many different process stages and applications in the field of water filtration. The spectrum of filtration ranges from coarse filtration of > 1 mm right through to ultrafine filtration of 5 μm. The filtration mesh is selected on the basis of the respective mechanical requirements. Benefits for process water filtration Adapted filter media in the range from 9 μm to 5 mm Individual manufacturing of filter elements for existing or new systems Repairs of existing filters or corresponding spare parts Filter screens for corrosive applications Production of standard elements for OEMs Screens for drum filters and inserts for filter baskets Except for filter element mesh, there are many applications for a mesh, such as NBC mesh, fashion industry mesh, screen printing mesh, etc.

PET sheet (polyethylene terephthalate) is a common thermoplastic that provides high dimensional stability, excellent mechanical strength and good resistance to creep. It offers resistance to chemicals, provides very low moisture absorption and is a good electrical insulator. PET film sheet also performs well in wear applications and has a tough, hard surface that can be easily machined and polished. Polyethylene terephthalate or PET belongs to the family of polyesters. It is widely used in everyday items and easily recyclable. It has a semi-crystalline form when stable. Most common application include rigid and flexible packaging as it is very light weight. PET is among those plastics which are an important part of your everyday life. You find the polymer used in packaging, fabrics, films to molded parts for automotive, electronics and many more. For all the applications demanding lightweight and impact-resistant material, PET is of your choice. Also do not forget, PET is one of the most recycled thermoplastics as well. Applications PET sheet like transparent PET sheet and matt rigid plastic PET sheet are commonly manufactured into bearings, pump parts, components for frames, tank lids, insulators, friction strips and control discs. Primarily used in mechanical engineering, marine engineering, electrical and food and pharmaceutical applications. PET sheet is also manufactured into any kinds of packaging, commonly into food packaging, such as clamshell, egg tray, salad packaging, etc. What is PETG? Polyethylene terephthalate glycol, commonly known as PETG or PET-G, is a thermoplastic polyester that provides significant chemical resistance, durability, and excellent formability for manufacturing. PETG can be easily vacuumed and pressure-formed as well as heat-bent thanks to its low forming temperatures. This makes it exceptionally popular for consumer and commercial applications that involve 3D printing, or other heat-forming manufacturing techniques. Additionally, PETG is well-suited for fabrication techniques like die cutting, routing, and bending. The Benefits of PETG Plastic PETG is strong and cost-effective when compared to either acrylic or polycarbonate. Its unique characteristics make it preferable for impact-resistant glazing and high strength display units. Suitable for digital printing, PETG lends itself to product materials, displays, and signage. In general, PETG is a food-safe plastic that's commonly used for food containers and bottles for liquid beverages. Like acrylic and many other thermoplastics, PETG is fully recyclable. PETG is both thermoformable and vacuum-formable, and can tolerate a tremendous amount of pressure without cracking. Although PETG is naturally clear, it takes color easily during processing. It can be injection molded into a variety of shapes, or extruded into sheets. PETG's damage resistance is far higher than that of acrylic, to the point that it rivals the impact resistance of polycarbonate. However, PETG fabricates easily, making it an easy material for both practitioners and professional fabricators. Therefore it can be made into many products like PETG film roll, transparent rigid PETG sheet, matt rigid plastic PETG sheet, etc. What's the Difference between PET and PETG? Although these compounds look similar, they are fundamentally different materials on a molecular level. PET is the result of two monomers combining. PETG may involve these same monomers, but also includes glycol, giving it different chemical properties than PET. PETG is less brittle and more pliable than its PET counterpart, making it ideal for bottles. It also has better shock resistance and is better suited to higher temperatures. Apart from these two materials, PVC is also a widely used plastic and it can be made into PVC Film Sheets, Pharmaceutical PVC Film, PVC Sheet, Transparent PVC Sheet and so on.

Wire Drawing Dies are one of the most important technical issues in the drawing process. The proper choice of drawing dies and lubricants is very effective in the final quality product. We will focus on types of wire drawing dies. The wire drawing process reduces the size of a ferrous or non-ferrous rod down to a variety of finished sizes including super fine wire. This process is accomplished by passing the wire or wires through a series of single or multi-wire drawing machines. The drawing dies used in these machines can be Tungsten carbide, Natural Diamond or Synthetic Diamond, and the type of die utilized is choosen by the type of material being drawn. These tools are constantly under the high temperature condition because of wear between wire and dies (Fig D4). Based on wire material, the classification of dies are (FIG C4) Cemented carbide including Tungsten carbide (WC), Diamond single crystal natural (SCN) including single crystal synthetic(SCS) and polycrystalline(PCD), Ceramic including titanium carbide(TIC), titanium nitride(TIN) and cubic boron nitride(CBN). Tungsten Carbide Dies It is a hard cemented carbide composite made from tungsten carbide powder and a suitable binder material. Such as cobalt. The most common tungsten carbide nibs are made from medium grain size tungsten carbide powder with 6-13% cobalt binder. The most advantages of tungsten carbide nibs are toughness and resistance to fracture, which depend on the tungsten powder grain size and amount of cobalt used .higher cobalt binder content results in more ductile die material with lower hardness and wear resistance . these dies are used to draw larger diameter wires with heavy reduction at slower speed without much loss in die life. SCN Dies since it is a single crystal. It can be polish to very smooth finish with very low friction.Hardness and coefficient of friction of single crystal natural diamond dies vary with crystallographic orientation and results in increased die wear along certain crystallographic directions. Toughness is very poor for natural diamond as the diamond crystal has naturally weak points called cleavage planes where fracture occur easily .single crystal diamonds produce the ultimate surface finish and are used for final dies where a bright clean surface is required. PCD Dies Pcd blanks are currently produced in self-supported or tungsten carbide supported blanks that are more often used in ferrous wire drawing applications. Self-supported blanks are generally offered in two grain sizes ( ≤1-5 micron) and two grades ( thermally stable catalyst metal removed-TS , and metal filled ,contains catalyst metal-MF). Tungsten carbide supported blanks have a core integrally bonded to a tungsten carbide supported ring. these blanks are generally offered in fourteen sizes and four grain size( 3-5-25-50n microns). The wire drawing process may also need other tools except from drawing die, such as cutting tool like CNC cutting tool, milling cutter like CNC milling cutter and some CNC machined parts including stainless steel parts and nylon parts.

Control valves are control devices that are used to manage and control fluid flow, pressure, temperature, or liquid level by varying the flow passage size. In process systems of production wells, oil and gas plants, Chemical and Petrochemical industries, refineries, and power plants, Control valves are frequently used to control or manage any of the process parameters. The piping systems of industrial, commercial, residential, and other civic facilities carry the lifeblood of modern civilization, like arteries and veins. And the valves in those piping systems serve the functions of allowing, stopping, regulating, and controlling the flow, to fulfill the intended objectives of the system. Valves are an essential part of any piping system that conveys liquids, gases, vapors, slurries and mixtures of liquid and gaseous phases of various flow media. Some valves are self-actuated while others are manually operated or have actuators that are powered with electric motors, are pneumatic or hydraulic, or a combination to operate the valve. Valves are manufactured with metals and non-metals. What is a Control Valve? The control valve is an automated valve that can make precise adjustments to regulate and monitor any commodity flowing through a piping system. The function of a control valve is to provide throttling control in response to signals from a control system, using an actuator and a positioner. They are considered the "final control element" in an automated and usually very sophisticated "control loop". A control valve receives the information from various sensors and transmitters in a control loop and processes that data to manage the control of the fluid parameter. The following figure shows a typical control loop for a control valve. There are many different types pf control valves, such as straight stroke control valve, single seat control valve, cage guided control valve, micro flow control valve, cryogenic control valve, bellow seal control valve, fluorine lined control valve, high pressure control valve, angle stroke control valve, ball control valve, etc. Control Valve Features The most common valve body style used as a control valve is the globe valve. Although many other body styles such as angle valves, Three-way valves, Eccentric rotary plug valves, semispherical ball valves, Ball Valves, Butterfly valves, etc are used, the globe valve provides the most effective means to regulate and control flow. Control valves use signals received from instruments positioned throughout the piping system to automatically make adjustments that regulate the commodity within the pipe. Though control valves can perform many functions, they are typically used to control the flow of a commodity within a pipe or to limit its pressure. Control valves must be arranged within a run of the pipe so that they can be easily operated. To achieve this, control valve manifolds are configured. Control valve manifolds make control valves readily accessible to plant workers.

Vacuum flasks are thermally insulated double wall vessels. The narrow space between the two walls is evacuated which dramatically reduces thermal transfer. The near absence of air molecules minimizes thermal transfer by convection. Reflective surfaces in the vacuum space minimize radiant thermal transfer and the separation between the inner and outer wall minimizes thermal transfer by conductance. In summary, a vacuum flask thermally decouples a flask's payload from the external environment. The most common application of vacuum flasks is the storage or transmission of cryogenic fluids such as liquid nitrogen or liquid natural gas which can be maintained at extremely very low temperatures for extended durations. Vacuum flasks provide very effective thermal insulation. The insulation is passive and the largest portion of thermal transfer into the vacuum flask occurs by conductance through the neck of the inner wall and by the electrical wiring or mechanical feed through entering the vacuum flask (thermal leakage). The small amount of conductance eventually raises the inner temperature within the vacuum flask which limits the payload's duration within hostile high temperature environments to a finite duration. Vaccum Flasks are often used as cola water bottle, insulated sports bottle or insulated coffee mug. An additional form of heat gain in the vacuum flask is the heat generated by the electronics within the vacuum flask. Since the vacuum flask thermally decouples the contents of the flask from the external environment, the heat dissipated by the electronics can not escape from the vacuum flask and consequently increases the inner temperature within the vacuum flask which also limits the payload's duration within hostile high temperature environments. Similar with the vacuum flasks, a thermo travel coffee mug is designed for taking hot beverages, such as coffee, tea, and hot chocolate, along while traveling. These mugs are most frequently used when traveling by car. However, they can also be used for carrying beverages on board buses, trains, and even boats. Though travel mugs are frequently used in vehicles, they also make frequent appearances at parks, sporting events, meetings, malls, and similar locations. A travel mug usually has a spill-proof lid. This lid is designed to keep liquids from spilling out when cars go over bumps or as the result of the user's bouncy stride. The spill-proof design is also helpful for keeping heat inside the cup. Many have mechanisms that allow the user to take a quick sip of his or her beverage and reclose the lid with very little effort. This type of lid is often referred to as a spill-proof, drink-through lid. When choosing a travel mug, a insulated coffee tumbler, a gallon water jug, a outdoor water bottle, a sports water jug or a protein shaker, many individuals recommend avoiding those with snap-on lids. These lids are known to pop off at the most inopportune times, sometimes causing painful burns. Even if users manage to escape burns, they may not be as fortunate when it comes to spills and stains. Screw-on lids are considered a far safer alternative.

Have you already heard about electrical insulators, but would like to understand more about it? The first step is to understand that it is materials that easily allow the flow of electrical charges inside due to a large amount of free electrons. Some materials that can be considered in this category are: silicone, glass (ceramics), plastic (resins), rubber and oil. These electricity insulators have high resistance to the load-flow, therefore it is used to cover copper electrical wires and cables. Here, you will find more detailed information about the main uses of this in our daily lives and how it is applied to energy distribution. Resistivity X conductivity Resistivity is the physical element that defines whether a material is an insulator or a conductor, that is, how much it is opposed to the electrical passage. In addition to this factor, there is electrical conductivity, a substance that provides a contrary reaction to resistivity. Conductivity and resistivity are inversely proportional elements, which means that if one has high conductivity, its resistance is low and vice versa. Given this information, we can conclude that a conductive material does not have characteristics of wire insulators, for example. Insulating materials and its characteristics One of the major characteristics of the insulators in power system is the resistance to the current flow (passage of the current), since when electrically charged, it “traps” electrical charges inside. No wonder it is widely used to block its passage. In addition, there are some types of electrical insulators that can be polarized. That is, when exposed to an enormous external energy field, it creates an opposite electric field inside, making the formation of electrical currents even more difficult. Materials with this characteristic are called dielectrics. It is worth remembering that for opposing the movement of loads, electrical insulators are widely used to insulate contact surfaces. Thus, it is possible to avoid electrical shock or loss of energy in conductive wires and cables. Taking this into account, before making the electrical wiring of homes and commercial environments, it is really important to make sure that the cables have a good insulator of electricity. This attitude will help you to make the place much safer. There are insulators with different functions and models like suspension insulator, post insulator, pin insulator, LV insulator and so on. And these insulators have to work with some accessories like porcelain bushing, high voltage protection device and metal fitting.

What are Water Filters? Water Filters remove unwanted impurities from water such as sediment, taste and odour, hardness and bacteria to result in better quality water. From producing better-tasting drinking water to more specialist applications such as brewing coffee and making crystal clear ice, we offer a huge range of filters and cartridges to solve any number of water-related issues. There are many types od water filters for different applications, such as countertop water filter, undersink water filter, commercial water purifier, home ro water purifier, tap filter, shower filter, NSF filters, etc. How Do They Work? Water is one of the most important substances on the planet, it covers 71% of the Earth’s surface and the human body can contain as much as 75% of the stuff. Water is vital to a huge number of applications including agriculture, science, medical, transportation, heating, recreation and food processing as well as washing and perhaps most important of all: drinking. For the majority of us, drinking water comes from a treated municipal supply which is safe to drink but will often feature unpleasant tastes and odours from chemicals such as chlorine which are used to disinfect the water and keep it free of germs and bacteria. Depending on where you live, you may also find that your mains water causes limescale deposits to form which can block pipes and damage appliances. These issues, chlorine taste / odour and limescale formation are just two among a host of other common water problems which can be solved by water filtration. But how do water filters actually work? The basic idea of mechanical filtration is to physically remove sediment, dirt or any particles in the water using a barrier. Mechanical filters can be anything from a basic mesh that filters out large debris to a ceramic filter which has an extremely complex pore structure for ultra-fine filtration of pathogenic organisms. And a great water filter always worked cooperated with a reverse osmosis system. What is reverse osmosis? Reverse osmosis removes contaminants from unfiltered water, or feed water, when pressure forces it through a semipermeable membrane. Water flows from the more concentrated side (more contaminants) of the RO membrane to the less concentrated side (fewer contaminants) to provide clean drinking water. The fresh water produced is called the permeate. The concentrated water left over is called the waste or brine. A semipermeable membrane has small pores that block contaminants but allow water molecules to flow through. In osmosis, water becomes more concentrated as it passes through the membrane to obtain equilibrium on both sides. Reverse osmosis, however, blocks contaminants from entering the less concentrated side of the membrane. For example, when pressure is applied to a volume of saltwater during reverse osmosis, the salt is left behind and only clean water flows through. The reverse osmosis system can be devided into many kinds with different characteristics like compact reverse osmosis system, direct flow ro system, quick change ro system and so on. How does a reverse osmosis system work? A reverse osmosis system removes sediment and chlorine from water with a prefilter before it forces water through a semipermeable membrane to remove dissolved solids. After water exits the RO membrane, it passes through a postfilter to polish the drinking water before it enters a dedicated faucet. Reverse osmosis systems have various stages depending on their number of prefilters and postfilters.

For fodders, there are many kinds of elements indispensible. Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate os also widely used in it. What is Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate (DCPD)? Dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), or CaHPO4·2H2O, is a leavening salt that transfers into an acid when it contacts water and heat. This allows its reaction with bases to produce gas in batter-based products, such as cakes or muffins. One of the characteristics of DCPD is its slow rate of reaction. It reacts with baking soda during the late stages of baking. That’s why it’s known as a heat-triggered leavening acid. Origin DCPD is a type of orthophosphate, a single phosphate group with two calcium atoms and two water molecules. This compound is a very stable acid salt which can be stored under suboptimal conditions without adverse effects on its leavening performance. Function Incorporation into aqueous systems and hydration is the key to DCPD functionality in bakery batters. Especially, when heated to temperatures above 150°F (65°C). With these two conditions met, DCPD breaks down into phosphorus-containing acids and tricalcium phosphate. The acids formed then react with the bicarbonate and produce CO2. And of course, you can never miss vitamin. Vitamin, any of several organic substances that are necessary in small quantities for normal health and growth in higher forms of animal life. Vitamins are distinct in several ways from other biologically important compounds such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Although these latter substances also are indispensable for proper bodily functions, almost all of them can be synthesized by animals in adequate quantities. Vitamins, on the other hand, generally cannot be synthesized in amounts sufficient to meet bodily needs and therefore must be obtained from the diet or from some synthetic source. For this reason, vitamins are called essential nutrients. Vitamins also differ from the other biological compounds in that relatively small quantities are needed to complete their functions. In general these functions are of a catalytic or regulatory nature, facilitating or controlling vital chemical reactions in the body's cells. If a vitamin is absent from the diet or is not properly absorbed by the body, a specific deficiency disease may develop. Vitamins are usually designated by selected letters of the alphabet, as in vitamin D or vitamin C, though they are also designated by chemical names, such as niacin and folic acid. Biochemists traditionally separate them into two groups, the water-soluble vitamins and the fat-soluble vitamins. The common and chemical names of vitamins of both groups, along with their main biological functions and deficiency symptoms, are listed in the table. Besides, there are some others have to be mentioned like amino acid, choline chloride, carotenoid, antioxidant, mould inhibitor, feed enzymes and other plant proteins.

The first thing to understand about different vapes is that there are two main categories of vapes. Nicotine vapes: handheld devices powered by lithium-ion batteries designed to mimic the sensation of smoking without combustion. Nicotine options are customizable from 0% up to 5%, with flavors ranging from tobacco to desserts to unflavored. Cannabis/CBD vapes: portable battery-powered or larger desktop devices powered either by batteries or electrical power supplies that heat the material. These devices are used with CBD, THC, or other botanicals, from dry herb to concentrates. There are other substances that people vape. Like various herbs and vitamins; some daring souls choose to even vaporize coffee. Many of those products and activities are on the fringes, but the devices used are no different from nicotine or cannabis vapes—they're just different substances that happen to "work" in the devices. There's overlapping between cannabis and nicotine vapes, like the classic vape pen which functions in both realms. Which may explain why it's the most popular type of vape in existence. Nicotine vapes While all nicotine vapes can be called "e-cigarettes", that term is most commonly used for small devices that look similar to a cigarette in size and shape. But nicotine vapes don't stop there. E-cigarettes These are the smallest and simplest vapes you'll find. Open the pack and they're ready for immediate use. Once you're finished, you dispose of the device and use another. These are ideal devices for travel or for the busiest among us without the time to tinker with little gadgets. E-cigarettes work great with high nicotine in providing a satisfying hit, which makes them work well for smokers looking for a quick entry into vaping. Pod vapes Pod vapes are some of the most practical vaping devices available. A pod vape is usually a two-piece device, similar to an e-cigarette, with one piece being the battery and the other a replaceable and often refillable pod. Pod vapes are usually affordable and very easy to use while performing at a higher level than most traditional e-cigarettes. They are also a perfect fit for nicotine salt e-liquid, making them a very efficient vape for nicotine delivery. Also, many types of vapes with differnt ingredients and shapes are more and more popular with public, for example, there are disposable vape, puff vape, bang vape, elf bar vape, fume vape, HQD vape, higo vape, gunnpod vape, maskking vape, doloda vape, etc.